The John Crow Project

Documenting the history of anti-Chinese lynchings, riots, and massacres
in the American West (1850 – 1915)

What Is the John Crow Project?

Between the California Gold Rush and the First World War, Chinese immigrants were subjected to a coordinated regime of racial terror—lynchings, riots, expulsions, and legal exclusion. This project calls that Western system “John Crow”: a structure aimed at expulsion rather than subordination.

Drawing on a newly compiled dataset of documented lynchings, digitized newspaper archives, and spatial analysis, this site reconstructs how violence spread—across towns, along rivers and railroads, and through national print networks.

The interactive maps, timelines, and charts presented here translate the quantitative and spatial arguments of the dissertation into web-based form. Where possible, visualizations correspond directly to analytical figures developed in A Murder of Crows.

Read the full thesis framing in About → Project & Thesis.

Quick Start

New to the site? Take the guided tour.

Map showing location of Bear Valley, California

March 1856 – Bear Valley, California: Sparsely Documented Lynching of an Unnamed Chinese Man

1856-03-00

Bear Valley, California • Lynching

In March 1856, an unnamed Chinese man was reportedly lynched in or near Bear Valley, California. No surviving source preserves his name, the exact day of the attack, the motive, or the identities of the perpetrators. The case survives only as a thin but important trace of anti-Chinese mob violence in the Gold Rush years.

Read full record →