White Miners Massacred Chinese Residents at Rock Springs

Narrative

On September 2, 1885, white miners in Rock Springs attacked Chinese miners and residents, burned Chinatown, killed at least 28 Chinese men, wounded many others, and drove hundreds into the desert. The New York Times reported that the white miners were “determined to drive out the Chinese” and that more bodies were still being found in the ruins and along the outskirts of town. Later coverage traced the massacre into a broader expulsion campaign, as troops returned Chinese miners under guard, white workers kept insisting that “the Chinese must go.” The United States Congress eventually appropriated funds to indemnify Chinese losses.

Related Newspaper Article(s)

The Wyoming Massacre

The New York Times (New York, New York)

September 6, 1885 (Page 7)

San Francisco (April 8). Sunday anti-Chinese procession led by the city coroner assaulted passersby; later, the Chinese Consul reported twenty serious injuries and one fatality.

U.S. Army Protects Chinese Miners Amid Tensions in Wyoming

Ness County News (Ness City, Kansas)

September 19, 1885 (Page 6)

After Rock Springs riots, Union Pacific brings 700 Chinese miners back under six companies of U.S. troops; white miners vow renewed violence once soldiers leave, creating a tense standoff.

The Chinese Must Go Movement is Growing

Wood County Reporter (Grand Rapids, Wisconsin)

September 24, 1885 (Page 2)

Wisconsin dispatch surveys mounting “Chinese Must Go” agitation: Knights of Labor threaten a general strike if Union Pacific retains Chinese workers at Rock Springs; company vows no dismissals, setting stage for a labor showdown.

Indemnity for Chinese

Morris Tribune (Morris, Minnesota)

June 9, 1886 (Page 1)

Congress passes $150,000 Rock Springs indemnity bill; Senate debate frames Chinese labor as threat while approving riot compensation.